ABSTRACT Introduction: colon polyps are the most common tumors of the gastrointestinal tract. They are found relatively frequently in children. The efficacious method for their treatment is the colonoscopy, allowing their treatment through polypectomy. Objective: to determine the histological, endoscopic and clinical characteristics of colorectal polyps diagnosed in children who attended the Pediatric Provincial Hospital “Eliseo Noel Caamaño”, of Matanzas. Materials and methods: a retrospective, descriptive study was carried out in children diagnosed with colorectal polyps in the hospital in the period from 2010 to 2018. 141 patients under 18 years-old were studied, all with diagnosis of polyps by colonoscopy confirmed in the histological study. The patients with different diagnosis but polyps were excluded, and also those who could not be histologically studied. Results: the highest frequency of patients with polyps was found in ages between 1 and 10 years (37,6 %), and the male sex (57.4 %). The most frequent symptoms were low digestive bleeding (96.3 %) and Mass T prolapse through the rectum (27 %). The studied polyps were more frequently located in the rectosigmoid (73.4 %). The single polyps predominated (78 %)m and the pedunculated ones (56.2 %) of 1-2 cm size (53.2 %). Histologically predominated young polyps (62.1 %), followed by the inflammatory ones (33 %). Conclusions: polyps were more frequent at the ages from 1 to 10 years and in the male sex. The authors showed the importance of colonoscopy in the precocious diagnosis of these lesions.

Resumen Introducción: los pólipos del colon son los tumores más comunes del tracto gastrointestinal. Se presentan relativamente frecuentes en niños. El método eficaz para su diagnóstico es la colonoscopia que permite su tratamiento mediante la polipectomía. Objetivo: determinar las características clínicas, endoscópicas e histológicas de los pólipos colorrectales, diagnosticados en niños atendidos en el Hospital Pediátrico Provincial “Eliseo Noel Caamaño”, de la ciudad de Matanzas. Materiales y métodos: se realizó un estudio descriptivo, retrospectivo en niños diagnosticados con pólipos colorrectales y atendidos en el hospital. En el período comprendido del 2010 al 2018. Se estudiaron 141 pacientes menores de 18 años, con diagnóstico de pólipos por colonoscopia confirmado en el estudio histológico. Se excluyeron los pacientes con diagnósticos diferentes a pólipos y aquellos que no se pudieron estudiar histológicamente. Resultados: se observó mayor frecuencia de pacientes con pólipos en las edades entre 1 y 10 años (37,6 %), del sexo masculino (57,4 %). Los síntomas más frecuentes fueron el sangramiento digestivo bajo, (96,3 %) y prolapso de masa T por el recto, (27 %). Los pólipos estudiados se localizaron con mayor frecuencia en rectosigmoide (73, 4 %), predominando los pólipos únicos (78 %), pediculados (56,2 %), de 1-2 cm de tamaño (53,2 %). Histológicamente predominaron los pólipos juveniles, (62,1 %) seguidos de los inflamatorios (33 %). Conclusiones: los pólipos fueron más frecuentes en las edades de 1 y 10 años y en el sexo masculino. Se demostró la importancia de la colonoscopia en el diagnóstico precoz de estas lesiones.

Banana, mamão e abacaxi são as frutas tropicais mais consumidas no mundo, sendo o Brasil um dos principais produtores. Os fungos Colletotrichum musae, Colletotrichum gloeosporioides e Fusarium subglutinans f.sp ananas são os principais causadores de doenças e perdas em pós-colheita de frutas. A proposta deste estudo foi avaliar a eficácia de cinco monoterpenos em inibir o crescimento micelial e a germinação dos conídios destes três fitopatógenos. Os monoterpenos citral, citronelal, L-carvona, isopulegol e a-pineno foram diluídos em etanol à concentração final de 0,2 a 1%. Todos os monoterpenos testados inibiram os três fungos estudados de maneira dose-dependente. Citral foi o mais efetivo dos óleos testados e apresentou uma potente atividade fungicida em concentrações acima de 0,5%. Mais ainda, avaliação in vivo com estas frutas tropicais demonstrou a eficácia de citral como inibidor do crescimento fúngico. Estes resultados indicam o uso em potencial de citral como um pesticida natural no controle das doenças em pós-colheita de frutas tropicais.

Banana, papaya and pineapple are the most consumed tropical fruits in the world, being Brazil one of the main producers. Fungi Colletotrichum musae, Colletotrichum gloeosporioides and Fusarium subglutinans f.sp. ananas cause severe post harvest diseases and losses in fruits quality. The aim of this work was to evaluate the effectiveness of five monoterpenes to inhibit the mycelial growth and conidia germination of these three phytopathogens. The monoterpenes citral, citronellal, L-carvone, isopullegol and a-pinene were diluted in ethanol to final concentrations from 0.2 to 1%. All monoterpenes were found to inhibit the growth of the three studies fungi in a dose-dependent manner. Citral was the most effective of the oils tested and showed potent fungicidal activity at concentrations above 0.5%. Also, in vivo evaluation with these tropical fruits demonstrated the efficiency of citral to inhibit fungal growth. These results indicate the potential use of citral as a natural pesticide control of post-harvest fruit diseases.